The study of phytoperiphyton from six rivers of Murmansk Region allowed us to identify 23 species of the genus Navicula s. str., including one newly described species, N. pseudowiesneri sp. nov. Among the identified taxa, 4 are new to the diatom flora of Russia, 8 ones new to the Murmansk Region. The greatest species diversity is recorded in the Kola and Ura rivers. N. cryptocephala and N. radiosa are the most widespread species in the waterbodies under study. A replacement name is prorosed for the illegitimate name Navicula wiesneri Lange-Bertalot.